Verdinexor treatment reduces immune cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and in influenza-infected ferrets.

<p>Ferrets were i.n. infected with 10×ID₅₀ A/California/04/09 and orally treated with 15 (V15) or 25 mg/kg (V25) verdinexor daily (QD), or 10 mg/kg verdinexor (V10) or 5 mg/kg oseltamivir (O5) twice daily (BID) for 4 days starting at 1 h pre-infection. Ferrets nasal washes were collected pre-treatment/infection (basal) and at day 2 and 4 post-infection. a) Number of leukocytes from nasal washes was counted. Total RNA was isolated from nasal wash cells and the expression of b) <i>IFN-γ</i>, c) <i>IL-12p40</i>, and d) <i>TNF-α</i> genes relative to that of <i>GAPDH</i> was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The data are from three ferrets per experimental group. *, <i>p</i>≤0.05; **, <i>p</i>≤0.01; ***, <i>p</i>≤0.001.