Upregulation of autophagy proteins in response to cLDL treatment.

<p><b>(A left panel)</b> HCAE cells were treated with 100 μg/ml cLDL for various times as shown. A representative western blot for expression of autophagy proteins LC3-II, beclin-1, and Atg5 is shown. β-actin was used as a loading control. <b>(B)</b> Quantitative analysis for western blots of Fig 2A are shown in the Fig 2B (left and right panels) for beclin-1 and Atg5, respectively. Values are means ±SD, obtained from 3 separate experiments, Significance of the data was determined by ANOVA, followed by paired-group comparisons (**<i>p</i> <0.05), **<i>p</i> <0.01, ***<i>p</i> <0.01 as compared to untreated controls). <b>(C)</b> cLDL but not nLDL induces autophagy proteins. HCAE cells were treated with 100 μg/ml cLDL or 100 μg/ml nLDL for 8 hours and expression of autophagy proteins was determined by western blots. A representative blot from three separate experiments for the LC3-II, beclin-1, and Atg5 is shown. As shown there was no induction of autophagy proteins with nLDL in comparisons to cLDL treated cells. GAPDH was used as a loading control.