Downregulation of TGFβR2 by ouabain is accompanied by inhibition of TGFβ1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation and of the expression of mesenchymal markers in A549 cells.

<p>Serum starved A549 cells were pretreated with increasing doses of ouabain for 24 hours followed by stimulation with 10ng/ml of TGFβ1 for 1 hour (<b>A</b>) or simultaneously treated with ouabain and TGFβ1 for 48 hours (<b>B</b>). Cell lysates were then analyzed by Western blotting with desired antibodies as indicated. Shown are the representative images and the quantitative analysis of ECL (mean±SD) from at least three independent experiments (RLU, relative light units). *, <i>p</i> < 0.05, **<i>p</i> < 0.005, ***<i>p</i> < 0.0005.