The V protein of PPRV is not essential in the context of virus infection to block the induction of IFN-β by poly(I:C) or Sendai virus.

<p>(A, B) G4 cells were left uninfected or infected with rNigeria/75/1_ΔV (MOI = 3) for 16 hours before (A) transfection with 1 μg of poly(I:C) or (B) infection with 50 HA units of SeV-DI. At 5 hours after poly(I:C) transfection or 7 hours after SeV-DI infection the cells were lysed to extract total RNA. RT-qPCR was performed as described in Methods and the normalized relative quantities (NRQ) of the IFN-β mRNA calculated relative to the geometric means of the SDHA and the GAPDH mRNA. The NRQ was normalised between experiments by setting treated-uninfected cells to 100. The error bars represent the standard error of the mean (SEM). The ANOVA test and Tukey pairwise comparison test were used to determine the significance of differences between the means (* p = < 0.05). (C) G4 cells from parallel infected cells on coverslips were fixed in 3% PFA, permeabilized using 0.2% Triton and blocked with 0.2% gelatine in PBS. PPRV was detected using mouse anti N antibody followed by Alexa Fluor 488anti-mouse (green). Nuclei were stained by DAPI. Images were collected using the 63x magnification lens.