Flavonoid profile, antioxidant and antiglycation properties of <i>Retama sphaerocarpa</i> fruits extracts

<p><i>Retama sphaerocarpa</i> occurs in the Mediterranean area of North-east Africa and in the Iberian Peninsula, and grows on a variety of soil types and climatic conditions. Used in Algerian folk medicine, it is a valuable species for revegetation and soil restoration. The aim of this study is to evaluate flavonoid composition and antioxidant and antiglycation properties of methanolic and aqueous extracts from <i>R. sphaerocarpa</i> fruits. HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS was used to identify/quantify flavonoid content. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by Folin–Ciocalteu, ORAC, FRAP, TEAC, and DPPH assays, and antiglycation capability by glucose/fructose-BSA assay. Results showed that fruits contain isoflavones (daidzein and genistein derivatives) and flavonols (apigenin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol and quercetin derivatives), and extracts (especially the methanolic one, richer in flavonoids) possess good <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant and antiglycation properties. These findings evidence that <i>R. sphaerocarpa</i> fruits are a source of valuable phytochemicals, with potential applications in the field of phytopharmaceuticals and in food industry.