Sphk1 activity contributes to cell survival upon challenge of RAW264.7 cells with palmitate and chloroquine.

<p>The <i>CHOP/Sphk1</i> ratio is reduced in FACS sorted ATM A. HFD ATMs (both F4/80-Mgl1⁺ [M2] and F4/80-Mgl1^- [M1]) and B. ob/ob ATMs (both F4/80-Mgl1⁺ [M2] and F4/80-Mgl1^- [M1]). C. The <i>CHOP/Sphk1</i> ratio is also reduced in CD11b⁺ enriched cells from SVF D. S1P analysis showed that SK1-I inhibits Sphk1 activity. Analysis of the role of Sphk1 in promoting cell viability using E. WST-1 assay E. PARP cleavage analyzed by western blot in RAW264.7 cells challenged with 250 μM BSA coupled palmitate in the presence or absence of the Sphk1 inhibitor SK1-I for 24h (WST-1), or 8 h (PARP cleavage). Data in the graphs are depicted as mean +/- S.D. (n = 3) ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.