Immunological and histopathological profile of <i>S</i>. <i>mansoni-</i>infected mice after knocking down IL-4Rα 2 weeks post-infection.

<p><b>A.</b> Experimental design. <b>B.</b> Representative plot of MLN cytokine-producing CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cell frequencies after stimulation with PMA/Ionomycin/Monensin cocktail. Summaries of IL-4-producing (<b>C</b>) and IFNγ-producing (<b>D</b>) CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cell frequencies from 2 independent experiments conducted with 3–8 mice are shown. <b>E.</b> Cytokine release detected by ELISA in the supernatant of anti-CD3 stimulated MLN cells. <b>F.</b> Total seric IgE in <i>S</i>. <i>mansoni</i>-infected mice. SEA-specific seric IgG1 (<b>G</b>) and IgG2a (<b>H</b>) isotype antibodies. <b>I.</b> Liver Egg burden. <b>J.</b> Formalin-fixed Hematoxylin/Eosin-stained sections of liver tissue from infected animals for morphological analyses (displayed here at 100X). <b>K.</b> Area sizes of egg-surrounding granuloma are computed. <b>L.</b> Formalin-fixed CAB-stained sections of liver tissue from infected animals for collagen detection (displayed here at 100X). <b>M.</b> Hydroxyproline content measured by colorimetry is displayed as a measure of tissue collagen content. Liver (<b>N</b>) and Spleen (<b>O</b>) weights. <b>P.</b> Body weight change over time following <i>S</i>. <i>mansoni</i> infection. <b>Q.</b> Survival curve following <i>S</i>. <i>mansoni</i> infection. Each experiment was conducted at least twice with 5–10 mice per group. Data are expressed as mean ± SD; NS = p > 0.05; * = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.01; *** =, p < 0.001; **** = p < 0.0001.