Relative abundance of major bacteria among different treatment groups at (A) phylum, (B) class, (C) order, (D) family, and (E) genus level in anaerobic mixed cultures (adapted condition) containing cecal contents.

<p>Microbiome analysis was conducted in triplicate on cecal contents only, feed and cecal contents, and feed + cecal + Calrose at various time points using cecal contents from 28 day-old broiler chickens. The bars represent the standard deviation. “f” and “o” in parentheses indicate family and order, respectively.