α-Glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic botryorhodines from mangrove endophytic fungus <i>Trichoderma</i> sp. 307

<p>One new depsidone, botryorhodine H (<b>1</b>), together with three known analogues, botryorhodines C, D and G (<b>2</b>–<b>4</b>), were obtained from the mangrove endophytic fungus <i>Trichoderma</i> sp. 307 by co-culturing with <i>Acinetobacter johnsonii</i> B2. Structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR analyses and high-resolution mass spectrum. Compounds <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ ranging from 8.1 to 11.2 μM, and compound <b>1</b> exhibited potent cytotoxicity against rat prolactinoma MMQ and rat pituitary adenoma GH3 cell lines (IC₅₀ = 3.09 and 3.64 μM).