CT51 acts as a cellular antioxidant agent.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Immunofluorescence assays were performed to determine 4-HNE-protein adducts under basal culture conditions (Control) and in cultures treated for 24 h with the oxidative stress inductor rotenone (3 μM), in the absence or presence of 250 or 500 nM CT51. The figure shows images from a representative experiment out of 3 independent determinations. Rotenone treatment increased cell immunostaining of 4-HNE-protein adducts (center-left hand panel); this increase was prevented by the presence of 250 or 500 nM CT51 (center-right and right hand panels). To appreciate these differences better, the immunostaining intensity was transformed into a thermal scale with the ImageJ program (right-hand color bar), in which fluorescence intensity increases from blue to red. The right-hand graph shows the quantification of fluorescence intensity determined in 70–90 cells per experimental condition. Values represent Mean ± SD; n = 3. Significance of differences was evaluated by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc test. ***: p < 0.001 compared to the rotenone condition; ns: not significant. Scale bar: 30 μm. (<b>B</b>) GSH levels determined in cells treated for 24 h with the oxidative stress inductor rotenone (3 μM), in the absence or presence of 250 or 500 nM CT51. Values represent Mean ± SE; n = 3. Significance of differences was evaluated by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc test; ***: p < 0.001, *: p < 0.05 compared to the control condition. ^##: p < 0.01 compared to the rotenone condition; ns: not significant.