Additional file 9: Figure S8. of The alarming problems of confounding equivalence using logistic regression models in the perspective of causal diagrams

Scenario 3 (Fig. 1c), simulation results of the bias and standard error of c-equivalence sets C 1 ≈ C 2 ≈ C 3 when varied across the log transformed odds ratio effect of Z on X and W on V. (PDF 25 kb