MAIT cells response to <i>in vitro</i> ZIKV infection is dependent on IL-12 and IL-18.

<p>PBMCs were infected with ZIKV (MOI: 5) for 24h and IFNγ production by MAIT cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Representative flow plots of IFNγ production by MAIT cells (A). MAIT cells IFNγ response to ZIKV infection (n = 9, B). PBMCs were incubated in presence of MR1 (n = 6), IL-12 (n = 4), IL-18 (n = 8), and IL-12 + IL-18 (n = 4) blocking antibodies and stimulated with <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i>, ZIKV, or heat inactivated ZIKV (n = 4) and IFNγ production by MAIT cells was measured (C). The results are presented as relative production of IFNγ by MAIT cells compared to the condition without any blocking antibody. Statistical analysis was performed before data normalization. PBMCs from HIV-1- (n = 8) and HIV-1+ (n = 6) subjects were infected with ZIKV (MOI: 5) and IFNγ production by MAIT cell was evaluated (D). PBMCs from HIV-1- (n = 6) and HIV-1+ (n = 6) subjects were treated with IL-12 and IL-18 (both at 50ng/ml) for 24 hours and IFNγ production by MAIT cell was evaluated (E). The bars and whiskers represent the median and interquartile range respectively. * indicates p < 0.05 and ** indicates p < 0.01.