Predicting peak spectral sensitivities of vertebrate cone visual pigments using atomistic molecular simulations - Fig 3

<p>A) 11-<i>cis</i> retinal attached to a lysine residue via Schiff base linkage. B) Superimposition of 11-<i>cis</i> retinal conformations extracted from the molecular dynamics simulation for each pigment. C) Frequency distribution of C7 –C6 –C5 –C18 torsion angle (Torsion 15) observed in each opsin simulation (marked by a solid arrow in A). Blue and green colors indicate spectral sensitivities of each opsin. D) Root mean square fluctuation of 11-<i>cis</i> retinal attached to a lysine residue (LYS+RET). Horizontal axis represents atoms along the LYS+RET (see panel A). Sequence of β-ionone ring is indicated in panel A.