Radiation pattern of plasma emission in beam-plasma interaction

The physical process of type-III solar radio bursts by an electron beam in a plasma involves electromagnetic radiation at the plasma frequency and its second harmonic. Recently, multiple-harmonic radiation of plasma frequency has drawn renewed interests in electromagnetic radiation in theoretical and numerical studies. The radiation pattern of electromagnetic waves in nonlinear beam-plasma interaction at the plasma frequency and its multiple harmonics is presented, by using a 2-D electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulation.X111sciescopu