Understanding causes and effects of non-uniform light distributions on multi-junction solar cells: Procedures for estimating efficiency losses

This paper presents the mechanisms of efficiency losses that have to do with the non-uniformity of the irradiance over the multi-junction solar cells and different measurement techniques used to investigate them. To show the capabilities of the presented techniques, three different concentrators (that consist of an acrylic Fresnel lens, different SOEs and a lattice matched multi-junction cell) are evaluated. By employing these techniques is possible to answer some critical questions when designing concentrators as for example which degree of non-uniformity the cell can withstand, how critical the influence of series resistance is, or what kind of non-uniformity (spatial or spectral) causes more losses