The two main drawbacks of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are the low electrode durability and the high platinum loading (electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction). Currently, PEMFC electrodes, named as Pt/C, are made of platinum nanoparticles supported by carbon nanoparticles. The aim of this PhD work is to propose, elaborate and test in complete fuel cell new electrode nanostructure consists in self-supported platinum nanotubes. We target a reduction in the platinum loading and an increase in the electrode durability. In order to control nanostructure geometries, a porous alumina mold is used. This template is obtained by electrochemical anodization and vertically aligned nanopores are obtained. Platinum is subsequently d...