Thermal manikin

A thermal manikin has a closed perforated rigid frame covered by a breathable fabric extending over the frame and forming arms and legs. Water passages and a pump inside the manikin direct water around the manikin to simulate natural blood flow. The manikin is provided with a controller and sensor for measuring conditions inside and outside the manikin that enables simultaneous determination of Clo (thermal resistance of clothing placed on the manikin) and Im (the permeability index of the clothing).Institute of Textiles and ClothingUS6543657; US6543657 B2; US6543657B2; US6,543,657; US 6,543,657 B2; 6543657; Appl. No. 09/811,833U