Certified Reduced Basis Methods and Output Bounds for the Harmonic Maxwell's Equations

We propose certified reduced basis methods for the efficient and reliable evaluation of a general output that is implicitly connected to a given parameterized input through the harmonic Maxwell's equations. The truth approximation and the development of the reduced basis through a greedy approach is based on a discontinuous Galerkin approximation of the linear partial differential equation. The formulation allows the use of different approximation spaces for solving the primal and the dual truth approximation problems to respect the characteristics of both problem types, leading to an overall reduction in the off-line computational effort. The main features of the method are the following: (i) rapid convergence on the entire representative set of parameters, (ii) rigorous a posteriori error estimators for the output, and (iii) a parameter independent off-line phase and a computationally very efficient on-line phase to enable the rapid solution of many-query problems arising in control, optimization, and design. The versatility and performance of this approach is shown through a numerical experiment, illustrating the modeling of material variations and problems with resonant behavior