Charcot's Clinical Lectures on Headaches(Special Issue in Hornor of the Retirement of Professor Toshiko Takemiya at the Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University)

Jean-Martin Charcot, one of the founders of Neurology, was giving two kinds of clinical lecture series at the Salpetriere Hospital. One of them was called "Friday Lessons", which he had usually prepared in details at least two weeks befor each lecture. As he had written beforehand the whole manuscripts and prepared the illustrations, tables and microscopical pictures for every lecture, these "Friday Lessons" were easily published by his pupils. Another series of lectures were called "Tuesday Lessons" given to his pupils while he was examining the patients who visited the outpatient clinic of his department. Only two volumes of "Tuesday Lessons" from 1887 to 1889 were published. The Japanese translation of these two volumes by a Japanese physician, Tsunemaru Sato, was published from 1906 to 1911. In these "Tuesday Lessons" several patients either with typical migraine with aura or with tension type headache were presented. In reading these lectures on headaches by Charcot, it becomes evident that he could make a clear-cut differential diagnosis between two major types of chronic functional headaches and had a solid knowledge about the social aspects of headaches