Coordinated Operation of PV and Battery Energy Storage Systems

Despite tough economic times, the uptake of photovoltaic\ud (PV) technology has seen tremendous growth over the past\ud decade. More than 21 GW of rooftop PV systems were\ud installed globally in the year 2012 alone. This is fueled\ud by various incentives offered by policy makers around the\ud world with a goal of enhancing renewable energy integration\ud and reducing the dependence on fossil fuels. For instance, the goal of achieving 20% energy consumption from renewable resources by 2020 has been unanimously accepted by numerous countries in Europe, North America, and Australia. Uptake of PVs by residential and small businesses has been augmented by generous rebates offered by government on installations and on the amount of energy injected into the grid. Furthermore, the global market outlook report published by EPIA predicts that the rooftop PV installations\ud will continue to grow for the foreseeable future