General Characteristic of Methods of Learning Foreign Languages

У статті описано основні методи навчання іноземних мов і подано їх загальну характеристику, розглянуто технології навчання, їх особливості в процесі вивчення іноземних мов. Розглядаються питання вдосконалення методів навчання іноземних мов у вищих навчальних закладах. Також схарактеризовано принципи та напрями навчання, за допомогою яких здійснюється освітня мета. Описано декілька методів навчання: метод активізації можливостей, особистісно-діяльнісний метод, метод особистісно-орієнтованого навчання. Висвітлено мету навчання іноземної мови у ВНЗ, що дозволить реалізувати знання студентів, навички для розв’язання конкретних комунікативних завдань у реальних життєвих ситуаціях.In the article the main methods of learning foreign languages are overviewed, and their general characteristic is given. The technologies of learning foreign languages, their particularities during the process of foreign language studying are described. The questions of improvement of methods of learning foreign languages in higher educational establishments are examined. With the development of modern society there is a greater personal interest in the study of foreign language, the searches of new methods of studies are conducted. One of such methods is intensification of foreign language studies. This concept is often bound to the speed language study, that is to the verbal forms of studies for a short period. The short description of the principles and directions of studies, by means of that an educational aim comes true, is also given in the article. A few methods of studies are described: the method of activation of possibilities, the personally oriented method, and the method of the personality-oriented studies. The personality-oriented approach and educational project combine the upbringing with the education into the united process of the support, the socially-pedagogical defense and the development of the students, the preparation of a personal process of the creativity and self-realization. Next to students’ studying of lexical minimum in accordance with the grammatical and syntactic structure of language, we speak about the students’ skills and abilities. The basic accent of educational discipline of «foreign language» is directed on the forming for the students’ component set of language abilities, capacities for realization of language actions, of different degree of complication, acts, that contain an exposure and description of reasons and aims that induce development of a personality, his behavior and skills. The aim of studies of foreign language is reflected in higher educational establishments of higher learning that will allow realizing knowledge of the students, skill for the decision of concrete communicative tasks in the real vital situations