Open Education as a Global Educational System: Condition and Development

У статті обґрунтовано сутнісні характеристики відкритої освіти як глобальної освітньої системи та визначено тенденції розвитку в сучасних умовах; виявлено основні чинники, що вплинули на процес розвитку відкритої освіти. Отже, в результаті дослідження було визначено, що головними характеристикам останньої є доступність, гнучкість, паралельність, модульність, інтернаціональність і координованість. Провідними тенденціями розвитку відкритої освіти є поступальне впровадження елементів відкритої освіти в традиційну освітню практику; удосконалення системи управління освітою і контролю її якості; розробка й упровадження в навчальний процес методів і засобів відкритого навчання.The paper analyzes the essential characteristics of open education, as the global educational system and determines its tendencies in present conditions; discovers the reasons that influenced the process of development of open education. The notion «open education» is treated by Ukrainian scientists differently. For example B. Shunevitch considers the notion «open education» to be synonymic to the notion «on-line education», «virtual education». He considers such characteristics as interactivity and accessibility the main ones of open education. Another scientist A. V. Khutorskoy correlates the development of open education, especially distant forms of education with such education which is realized with the help of internet that is based on the usage of communicational methods of designing the knowledge, getting the experience of communication with the whole world. The following scientists as A. Kalmikov and O. Orchakov determine the notion «open education» to be the educational system where the access to the educational recourses is given to every person without the examining his knowledge. The listeners here can use such technologies (including distant ones) which take into account the wishes and abilities of people. The main task of open education is the preparation of listeners to effective cooperation in professional spheres of life in the conditions of informational society. Therefore it was defined that open education flourished in the result of definite changes of society such as the process of integration, democratization and informatisation of society. Open education with its following characteristics as accessibility, parallelity, modulation, internationalization and coordination and with the usage of new technologies of education gives the opportunity to every person to get the education without data of place of his residence, age, nationality, physical condition. The analysis of scientific literature let us to determine the leading tasks of open education: provide the listeners with the means of access to educational materials; organize the management of educational process which gives the opportunity to inform society about educational questions and raise the effective managing of educational system; raise the level of education and educational services; provide the continual renewing of educational means and technologies for the listeners of open education