The Main Factor of Secondary Technical Education Forming at Ekaterinoslav Gubernia at the end of the XIX – the Beginning of the XX Centuries

Висвітлено результати досліджень з визначення умов розвитку промислової освіти на Катеринославщині в кінці ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Розглянуто соціально-політичні обставини пореформеного періоду ХІХ ст., які сприяли формуванню технічної освіти та процесу виділення середньої технічної освіти як окремої складової освітньої системи. Акцентується увага на взаємозалежності розвитку промисловості та технічної освіти. Висвітлено спроби держави щодо впорядкування системи промислової освіти шляхом проведення загальнодержавних нормативно-правових заходів. Відмічено значну роль активного залучення громадської ініціативи в процесі розбудови середньої технічної освіти наприкінці ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст.The article analyzes the influence of the main socio-political factors on the developing of technical education at Ekaterinoslav Gubernia during the period of the end of the XIX – the beginning of the XX centuries. During that period Ekaterinoslav Gubernia was located on the territory of the Russian Empire. The second half of the XIX century is characterized by reforms in political and social life of the Russian Empire. It has led to quick development of industry. At the territory of Ekaterinoslav Gubernia were developing such kinds of industry as Сoal, Metallurgical, Railway, Machine building. Factories and mines needed qualified specialists: engineers, assistants, workers. That is why technical education started developing. Specialists were prepared by crafting, secondary and higher technical schools. In general they were owned by private industrialists and different ministries. A big role in organization of industrial education was played by the representatives of society. The process of development of professional education in the second half of the XIX century was actively influenced by the intellectual elite, representatives of which had actively implemented the most advanced educational ideas. In this connection it is necessary to note the activities of the standing Committee on technical education at the Imperial Russian technical society, which included teachers of education institutions, government officials, interested in the development of industrial education, outstanding scientists. In the mid-1880s, this organization initiated the Congress of the native representatives of technical and vocational education. In 1888 there was published a decree about industrial schools, which was a try of a government to regulate the technical specialists preparation at different professional levels. The beginning of the XX century is characterized as a new stage of industrial education development. The level and amount of prepared specialists didn’t satisfy the requests of developing industry. It was actively discussed at different congresses. The Professional Congress in the direction of technical education promoted to opening of new crafting departments and professional schools. The process of industrial education formation at the end of the XIX – the beginning of the XX centuries had a socially-governmental character