AN ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING USED BY THE ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES 1 SPEAKING LECTURER OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT AT UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

In social interaction, people usually use different language in their discourse which will result into a phenomenon that can be seen as an alternation between the languages in the form of code switching. Code switching is a phenomenon in bilingual societies where people have opportunity to use between two or more languages in their communication and use their language as a resource to find a better way to express the meaning. Moreover, the use of first language and the switch from one language to the other is often seen in foreign language classrooms. Code switching in classroom context, particularly in English Department at University of Muhammadiyah Malang is used both by students and lecturers. Sometimes, lecturers switch English into Bahasa Indonesia. It happens in some subjects, including ESP I Speaking class. During the teaching of speaking class, lecturers generally uses English, but they also switch to Bahasa Indonesia which is generally performed subconsciously. However, wether conscious or subconscious, inevitable or not, code-switching certaintly serve some basic functions that may be beneficial in language learning environments. In this study, the researcher attempts to identify the type and to investigate the reasons of code switching used by the English lecturer. The research problems were: what are the types of code switching used by the English lecturer and what are the reasons behind the use of code switching by the English lecturer. As the research site, the writer chooses University Muhammadiyah of Malang and English lecturer were selected as the research participants. Meanwhile, observation and interview were used as the research instruments to collect the data. After analyzing the data, the result showed that the types of code switching found in ESP Speaking 1 class were inter-sentential and intra-sentential code switching. There were five occurrences of inter-sentential and twelve occurrences of intra-sentential ones. In addition, two reasons were found in the use of code switching: (1) code switching helped the communication and delivered the message more clearly, (2) it helped checking the studentsÂ’ comprehension. It could be concluded that the lecturer switched the languages mostly in explaining material and giving instruction. Further, overall code switching solved communication problems to make the teaching learning more effective since the students found it easy to understand the materials given by the lecturer