Nineteen national cyber security strategies

A set of nations have published their national cyber security strategy (NCSS). Despite the fact that each of these NCSS intends to address the same set of cyber security threats, large differences exist between the national focal points and approaches. This paper analyses and compares 19 NCSS [Australia, Canada, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, India, Japan, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Romania, The Netherlands, New Zealand, South Africa, Spain, Uganda, the UK (2009 and 2011), and the USA]. The analysis and comparisons in this paper highlight common approaches as well as weaknesses. The conclusions and recommendations could assist nations in their development of a NCSS and include a proposed structure for a NCSS and hints for its content.cyber security strategy; national cyber security; critical infrastructures; national security; security policy; cyber crime; cyber attacks; security threats