Exotic broadleaves trees and shrubs (excluding eucalypts): experience in Lesotho and recommendations

This report summarizes research on exotic broadleaved trees and shrubs in Lesotho (excluding eucalypts, which are covered in a separate review). It covers both formal research undertaken by the FD (Forestry Division), the informal investigations of various projects, notably MRDP (Maltelile Rural Development Project), Semonkong RDP [Rural Development Project], SOWACO (Soil and Water Conservation Project (Phase I), FAO/Netherlands), PLENTY (a community forestry project in southern Lesotho) and SWaCAP (Soil and Water Conservation and Agroforestry Programme, IFAD and GOL), and field observations. Fruit trees and trees or shrubs that are purely ornamental are not included. In recent years there has been an expansion in forestry in Lesotho. Social forestry is now promoted, in addition to government forestry, to control soil erosion and establish plantations for the production of fuelwood and poles. This requires greater involvement of people in individual or group tree planting. Interest has been renewed in trees that are suitable for a number of uses (multipurpose trees); the great majority of these trees are broadleaved. It is only recently that formal research into non-conifer and non-eucalypt trees and shrubs has begun. Most of the results discussed in this report are, therefore, preliminary, although several species can now be recommended for general planting. In contrast, there has been considerable research work undertaken on conifers and eucalypts to support the Forest Reserve programme. After an introductory section which includes descriptions of established exotic broadleaved species in Lesotho, and general desirable characteristics of species for use in the country, the major part of the report gives notes on species tested and their performance. The species are listed alphabetically. Appendices give recommendations of species for use, and lists of those needing further (or initial) testing and those regarded as unsuitable