HIV infection and its effects on fracture healing: a literature review

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The disease was discovered in 1983 in the Pasteur Institute, Paris by Barre and colleagues [1]. The causative agent is a Lentivirus, a subgroup of Retroviruses that is transmitted through body fluids. The main routes of entry include sexual intercourse, shared needles, and vertical transmission from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. The World Health Organization (WHO) provides a staging system for HIV infection based on the clinical manifestations of the diseas