A Review on State of Art Variants of LEACH Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Recent advances in wireless communication lead to many improvements in application specific wireless sensor network (WSN) deployment. Sensing different data from different environments is essential to monitor and control the situations. For instance, it is very important to sense the forest fire as early as possible to control the upshot. So efficient and timely gathering of the data from a network of small sensor nodes is necessary. In WSN, the small sized sensor nodes are working with very small batteries with limited energy. Since those are randomly deployed over a wide area, replacement of battery or recharging is not feasible. So, for getting prolonged life time of WSN, energy efficient operation is the key factor. Among many protocols proposed for enhancing the life time of WSN, the clustering based hierarchical protocols are popular and gaining the attention of researchers because of their high energy efficiency. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is energy efficient hierarchical, clustering based protocol. It is considered as the base of many hierarchical clustering protocols. In this paper, some of the recent tailored protocols proposed to strengthen LEACH are examined