Active faulting within the offshore western Gulf of Corinth, Greece: implications for models of continental rift deformation

Discrimination between different lithospheric extension models focusing on the roles of low-angle vs. high-angle faulting, and how strain is distributed, requires high-fidelity imaging of brittle deformation. High-resolution seismic reflection and multibeam bathymetric data in the western Gulf of Corinth continental rift were collected to establish the contribution of offshore faults to extension. Onshore fault slip here is significantly less than expected from geodetic strain rates. The rift at this location is a half-graben tilted to the north by S-dipping faults within the uppermost crust. A basement horst on the northern margin is uplifted by the North and South Eratini faults, and the axial channel is fault controlled. Subsided lowstand shorelines in the hanging wall of the North Eratini and the well-studied Aigion fault suggest that the faults have similar displacements. Summed extension from the four major faults across this part of the rift (Eliki, Subchannel, South Eratini, North Eratini) is 8–16 mm/yr, thereby reconciling geologic and geodetic data sets. Distributed deformation across isolated multiple faults can model this part of the rift without recourse to, and potentially incompatible with, an underlying low-angle detachment