About structural and functional organization of immunity: lymphoid and circulatory systems

Structural and functional organization of immunity are studied usually on the level of cells and intercellular interactions. But it cannot be to reduce only to cells of immune system. Circulatory system keeps a particular place in this process. On its vessels and tissue channels antigens, lymphoid cells, macrophages, and antibodies circulate in the organism. Circulatory system plays to keep a role in the organization of immune–protective system, which is compound, multilevel functional system, including connective and border tissues, mobilizes factors of nonspecific and specific immune protection of the inner environment of the organism. The specific part of immune–protective system is presented by lymphoid structures. As a subsystem of hemopoiesis and connective tissue, they connect up whole immune–protective system over the circulatory system. Lymphoid–lymphatic apparatus is anatomical bases of immune–protective system. Lymphatic and blood systems take part in its organization, because lymphoid formations often use vessels, lymphatic and blood, as paths of delivery of antigens and ducts for own “secretums”. Lymphoid formations connect with blood vessels constantly but do not all of them have afferent lymphatic vessels. Peripheral lymphoid formations are on the paths tissue fluid and lymph flow out in lymphatic and venous buds. In this plane, the lymphatic system is complex of lymphatic bud (drainage of organs — lymph flow out them, including antigens) and lymphoid formations (multi–staged cleaning of lymph in process of lymph flow out organs in veins)