'Through all them four letters, changes everything': an exploration of the lived experience of children, with a diagnosis of ADHD, and their parents

This study explored the 'phenomenological' stories of children and their parents about their experiences of having ADHD in their lives. As one of the most common and highly contested mental health diagnoses given to children, it is a significant topic for research. In the spirit of narrative therapy, this study sought to 'separate the person from the problem' to explore the effects of the ADHD, including ways in which it had become 'shaping of their lives'. The study employed a qualitative methodology. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with four children who had received a diagnosis of ADHD, and one of the parents of each child. Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. ADHD was understood within the discourse of problem behaviour and children's personal experience tended towards 'being', rather than 'having' ADHD. Adult-orientated systems appeared to operate, with children's voice and participation rendered invisible. Living with ADHD was described as stressful. Parents were in a constant cycle of action to meet their child's needs and to defend against stigmatising forces placing them within a naughty child/bad parent dyad. There was dissatisfaction with post-diagnostic care and a sense that a more holistic approach would be helpful. Consideration is given to the implications for future research and for practice