Peroxide promoted catalytic wet air oxidation of phenolic aqueous solutions using activated carbon as catalyst

Thesis Alícia RubalcabaThe increasing complexity of wastewater streams as well as the unfavourable public opinion about some conventional waste management techniques, e.g. incineration, is forcing the development of cost-competitive and environmentally acceptable waste treatments. There is little doubt that biological processes will continue to be employed as a baseline treatment processes for most wastewater. However, when biological processes are applied to treatment of industrial effluents, they do not always give satisfactory results, sine many organic substances produced by the chemical and related industries are inhibitory, toxic and/or resistant to biological oxidation. The Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO) process is one of the most promising technologies for the remediation of concentrated and/or biotoxic water pollutants, when a stable and active catalyst can be provided. In addition, CWAO has recently proved to be effective as chemical pre-treatment that could give effluents suitable for a subsequent biological end treatment. An alternative to lower CWAO operation conditions or to treat some refractory compounds is to supply little amount of a stronger oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide in a process referred as to Peroxide Promoted Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (PP-CWAO). To study the potentialities of this newly developed oxidation process, the catalytic activity and stability of activated carbon (AC) was tested in the PP-CWAO of phenolic aqueous solutions. Phenol was chosen as model compound because of phenolic wastes are one of the most prevalent forms of chemical pollutants, characterised by a high toxicity and a poor biodegradability. In this work, phenolic water was treated in a trickle bed reactor (TBR) at mild pressure and temperature conditions (