Design for the Integration of IntegratingSphere and Microwave Cavity

首先对一体化的积分球微波腔进行了论证,然后进行了设计、仿真和加工实测。采用单端环耦合的方式进行微波激励,分别对从圆柱腔的端面及侧面耦合的方式进行了仿真,结果发现在圆柱腔侧面耦合能得到较好的场型分布。实现了通过微调耦合环的方式进行模式选择的新方法,这种方法简便易行,且能有效减小微波腔的体积。测试结果表明设计的微波腔体积小、结构稳定,能同时满足积分球冷却和微波腔的功能要求即实现了积分球与微波腔一体化的要求,更重要的是一体化结构不需要使用漫反射涂料,不会影响腔的模式及场型分布,有利于提高钟信号的信噪比和对比度。The design, simulation and measurement of the microwave cavity for the cold atom clock are presented. Single-ended loop coupling is used to stimulate the microwave field.Based on the result of simulation, the loop coupled from the side surface of the cylindrical cavity will induce a more symmetric microwave field than that coupled from the end face.The mode selection is realized by finely tuning the coupling loop.This method is not only simple, but it can also effectively reduce the volume of microwave cavity.Finally, the microwave cavity developed is tested and the results indicate that the performance of the microwave cavity meets the requirements of stable integrating sphere atom clock with small volume.Moreover, no reflective coating, which will affect the microwave field pattern, is needed for cooling atoms.This is beneficial to enhance the clock signal, and finally will improve the signal to noise ratio and the contrast