PROTECTION OF MARITIME DEMESNE IN CROATIA

Pomorsko dobro oduvijek je bio prostor koji je kao najinteresantniji dio teritorija svake države, pa i Republike Hrvatske, bio izložen najrazličitijim nasrtajima (primjerice izgradnja marina, apartmanskih naselja, nasipanja mora i sl.). Granica pomorskog dobra počela je biti jako važna onoga časa kada su se na morskoj obali masovnije počeli graditi raznorazni objekti (vikendice, luke, plaže, turistički objekti i sl.). U Republici Hrvatskoj pomorsko dobro je opće dobro na kojem vlast ima država te ona za njega brine, održava ga i odgovara za njega. Prema mnijenju autora do sada se postupak određivanja granice pomorskog dobra te njezino evidentiranje u katastar i zemljišnu knjigu ne može ocijeniti zadovoljavajućom ocjenom. Ako se ima na umu da je prostor koji danas zauzima Republika Hrvatska često kroz povijest mijenjao državnu pripadnost onda i ne čudi anarhija na pomorskom dobru koja traje do danas. Stoga, sve do danas nije (raz)riješen problem stečenih prava na pomorskom dobru. Autori daju prikaz stvarnih prava za koja su mnijenja da se mogu smatrati stečenim na pravno valjan način. Nadalje, prikazuje se pravorijek Trgovačkog suda u Rijeci koji je razriješio (ne)vlasničke odnose u luci posebne namjene – brodogradilištu kao i pravorijek Visokog trgovačkog suda Republike Hrvatske koji je razmatrao razlučna prava na narečenoj luci posebne namjene. Na kraju rada autori iznose svoj stav na razmatranoj problematici te moguća rješenja de lege ferenda.Maritime demesne has always been an area which, being the most interesting part of the territory of any country, therefore also of the Republic of Croatia, was exposed to various forms of devastation (such as the construction of marinas, holiday villages, dumping earth into the sea, etc.). Maritime demesne limits have become very important when various large-scale facilities (such as holiday homes, ports, beaches, tourist facilities, etc.) began to be built on the coast. In the Republic of Croatia, maritime demesne is a common good. It falls under the authority of the government which thus has to care for it, maintain it and is responsible for it. According to the opinion of the authors, the procedure determining maritime demesne limits and its good track in the cadastre and land registration cannot be considered satisfactory by far. If one bears in mind that the territory which the Republic of Croatia now occupies had often changed nationality through history, the anarchy involving maritime demesne lasting until today is of no surprise. Therefore, the problem of acquired rights in the maritime demesne remains un(re)solved up to now. The authors give an overview of actual rights which can, in their opinion, be considered acquired in a legally valid manner. Furthermore, they give the overview of the decision of the Commercial Court in Rijeka, which has resolved (non)ownership relations in the special purpose port - shipyard as well as the decision of the High Commercial Court of the Republic of Croatia which has considered the secured rights over the above-mentioned special purpose port. At the end of the paper, authors give their position on the issues in question and possible solutions de lege ferenda