RIGHT-WING EXTREMISM, RADICALISM AND THE WEST EUROPEAN NEW RIGHT

U ovom se radu polazi od pojma političkog ekstremizma koji karakterizira odbijanje temeljnih vrijednosti demokratske ustavne države te se, nadalje, nakon definiranja strukturnih značajki desnog ekstremizma on razgraničuje od srodnog pojma desnog radikalizma. U nastavku se analizira pojam tzv. Nove desnice te njezina prisutnost u Francuskoj, Italiji, Velikoj Britaniji i SR Njemačkoj. Pojam Nova desnica prikladan je ako se njime opisuju intelektualna strujanja koja rade na ideološko-strategijskoj obnovi desnog ekstremizma. Naime, primjenom ekstremističkih značajki na djelovanje Nove desnice, posebice analizom etnopluralizma kao njezine bitne misli-vodilje, zaključuje se da on zadire u područje desnog ekstremizma. Istovremeno se naglašava i funkcija Nove desnice kao ideološke baze i premosnice prema društvenoj sredini koja upravo zbog svoje taktike “političke mimikrije” predstavlja opasnost za demokraciju.The starting point of this article is the concept of political extremism characterized by the rejection of fundamental values of the democratic constitutional state. Following a definition of the structural traits of right-wing extremism, the author sharply distinguishes it from the related concept of right-wing radicalism. Furthermore, the concept of so-called New Right is analyzed, as well as the presence thereof in France, Italy, Great Britain and Germany. This is a fitting concept for description of intellectual currents striving towards an ideological- strategic renewal of right-wing extremism. Namely, an application of extremist traits to the activities of the New Right, and, in particular, an analysis of ethnopluralism as its essential line of thought, leads to the conclusion that it stretches into the sphere of right-wing extremism. At the same time, emphasis is laid on its function as ideological basis and means of connection with the social environment which, precisely due to its “political mimicry” tactics, represents a danger to democracy