Utjecaj gospodarenja i fizioloških čimbenika na broj somatskih stanica u sirovu kravljem mlijeku u Kosovu

The main aim of this research was to study the effect of somatic cell count (SCC/mL) in raw milk in some cattle dairy farms according to the existing standards for raw milk quality in Kosovo. The results derive from 2203 individual samples from milk recording laboratory analyses in the period August 2007-February 2008. The GLM model was used to analyze the effect of different variables on the presence of SCC in raw milk. The effect of all variables was considered as a fi xed. The overall results show that herd (P<0.0001), breed (P<0.0004), month of the year (P<0.0001) and lactation number (P<0.0005), respectively, had a significant effect on the presence of SCC. According to the existing legislation in regard to the quality of raw milk for 2008 and 2009 the results gained show that if the milk quality produced continues to be the same then about 78.45% for 2008 and 70.88% for 2009, respectively, will belong to extra class milk quality (SCC/mL<300.000, SCC/mL<200.000). While about 11.31% for 2008 and 16.61% for 2009 will belong to poor quality milk-below standard (SCC/mL<600.000, SCC/mL<400.000). Although the presence rate of SCC on raw milk tends to be relatively low, it cannot by any means be underestimated bearing in mind that a high rate of SCC in raw milk is negatively correlated with farmers’ profi t, consumer food safety and overall animal health.Glavni cilj istraživanja bio je odrediti utjecaj broja somatskih stanica u mililitru na kakvoću sirova mlijeka na nekim gospodarstvima mliječnih krava na osnovi postojećih normi za kakvoću sirova mlijeka u Kosovu. U razdoblju od kolovoza 2007. do veljače 2008. laboratorijski su bila pretražena 2203 pojedinačna uzorka mlijeka. Model GLM bio je upotrijebljen za analizu učinka različitih varijabli na broj somatskih stanica u sirovom mlijeku. Učinak svih varijabli smatran je trajnim. Sveukupni rezultati pokazuju da su veličina stada (P<0,0001), pasmina (P<0,0004), mjesec u godini (P<0,0001) i broj laktacija (P<0,0005) značajno utjecali na broj somatskih stanica. Sukladno postojećim zakonskim odredbama s obzirom na kakvoću sirova mlijeka za 2008. i 2009. godinu polučeni rezultati pokazuju da će, zadrži li se kakvoća proizvedenoga mlijeka na istoj razini, oko 78,45% za 2008. i 70,88% za 2009. biti mlijeko iznimne kakvoće (broj somatskih stanica/mL<300.000, odnosno<200.000). S druge strane oko 11,31% za 2008. i 16,61% za 2009. uzoraka mlijeka bit će slabe kakvoće, tj. izvan standarda (broj somatskih stanica/mL<600.000 odnosno