Low-field magnetic characterization of ferromagnets using a minor-loop scaling law

A scaling power law relating hysteresis loss and remanence in minor hysteresis loops is proposed for the low-field magnetic characterization of ferromagnetic materials. We demonstrate that the law holds true for very low to an intermediate level of magnetization, associated with a universal exponent of ≈1.35, irrespective of types of ferromagnets and temperature, unlike the Steinmetz law with limited applicability. The coefficient in the scaling law shows almost the same behavior as coercivity and can be used for the evaluation of the magnetic quality of materials for which the Steinmetz law cannot be applied and/or low measurement field is necessary