Int J Tuberc Lung Dis

BACKGROUNDIncarcerated persons are disproportionately diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). California has the second highest inmate population in the United States, but reports the highest number of cases.OBJECTIVETo describe the TB epidemiology among incarcerated patients in California.METHODSTrends in incidence were assessed using Poisson regression, and trends in percentage were assessed using weighted linear regression. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared using \u3c72 or Mann-Whitney U tests.RESULTSDuring 1993\u20132013, of the 64 090 TB cases reported, 2323 (4%) were correctional facility residents. Incidence in correctional facilities decreased until 2006 (annual per cent change [APC] \u201312.3%, 95%CI \u201314.4 to \u201310.1), but has since stabilized (APC 4.4%, 95%CI \u20132.1 to 11.4). Compared with state prisoners, federal prisoners were more likely to be male (98%, P = 0.03), persons arriving in the United States within 5 years of diagnosis (62%, P < 0.001), and born in Mexico (88%, P=0.02), whereas local jail inmates were more likely to have a history of substance use (75%, P < 0.001) and homelessness (35%, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSTB incidence in correctional facilities had steadily declined over the last two decades, but has recently leveled out. To promote further reduction in incidence among diverse incarcerated populations, health departments and correctional facilities should strengthen collaboration by conducting TB risk-based assessments.20172018-08-01T00:00:00ZCC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United StatesU52 PS004656/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHS/United States28786801PMC5637373859