PROTEIN CONTENT AND GRAIN YIELD OF SPRING BARLEY GENOTYPES IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

U pokusima s četiri sorte jarog ječma (Astor, Fran, Matej i Scarlett) tijekom pet godina (2004.-2008.) na dva lokaliteta (Osijek i Nova Gradiška) istraživan je interakcijski učinak sorte i okoline na urod zrna i količinu bjelančevina u zrnu modelima AMMI1 i AMMI2. Analizom varijance utvrđeni su značajni učinci godine i sorte na urod zrna, dok su učinci godine, lokaliteta, norme sjetve i sorte značajno utjecali na sadržaj bjelančevina. Interakcijski učinci dokazani su za urod zrna (godina x lokacija, godina x lokacija x norma sjetve i godina x sorta), te za sadržaj bjelančevina (godina x lokacija, godina x norma sjetve i godina x sorta). Sorta Matej ostvarila je najviši urod zrna u provedenim istraživanjima, uz nizak interakcijski skor IPCA1, a što ukazuje na visoku adaptabilnost ove sorte uvjetima proizvodnje. Na biplotu se uočava povezanost ove sorte s uvjetima proizvodnje lokacije Nova Gradiška - 2005. Sorta Scarlet, uz urod zrna na razini prosjeka pokusa, vrlo visokog je interakcijskog skora IPCA1, a što ukazuje na nižu adaptabilnost ove sorte uvjetima proizvodnje (lokacijegodine) u provedenim istraživanjima. Sorte Fran i Scarlett, su sorte koje se odlikuju nižim sadržajem bjelančevina, a u provedenim istraživanjima sorta Scarlett je imala viši interakcijski skor IPCA1, a sorta Fran niži interakcijski skor IPCA 1. Na biplotu modela AMMI2 uočava se velika udaljenost sorti Astor, Matej i Scarlett od ishodišta, što upućuje na nestabilnost ovih sorti za svojstvo sadržaja bjelančevina te na značajan specifičan učinak okolišnih uvjeta na sadržaj bjelančevina.The study presents results of the research on four varieties of spring barley (Astor, Fran, Matej and Scarlett) during five years (2004 – 2008) at two localities (Osijek and Nova Gradiska). The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI1 and AMMI2) models were used for analysis of genotype by environment interaction for grain yield and grain protein content. Significant effects of year and variety on grain yield and significant effects of year, locality, sowing density and variety on grain protein content were estimated by analysis of variance. Significant interactions year x locality, year x sowing density and year x variety were found for grain protein content. In this trial, variety Matej had highest grain yield with low interaction score IPCA1, which indicated favorable adaptability of that genotype to growing conditions. Biplot analysis implies grouping of this variety with growing conditions of locality Nova Gradiska – 2005. Variety Scarlett had grain yield at average level of the trial, but very high interaction score IPCA1 indicated lower adaptability of that genotype to growing conditions (locality – year). Varieties Fran and Scarlett are varieties that differ in low grain protein content, and in conducted trial variety Scarlett had higher interaction score IPCA1 in reverse to variety Fran which had lower interaction score IPCA1. Based on AMMI2 biplot analysis a distinguished distance from starting point of varieties Astor, Matej and Scarlett is notable, indicating instability of those genotypes for grain protein content parameter and significantly specific effect of environmental conditions on grain protein content