NON-MILITARY SECURITY THREATS AND CONTEMPORARY WARFAR

Nevojno ugrožavanje sigurnosti, koje se u uvjetima krize pojavljuje s još većim intenzitetom, postalo je ugrožavajući čimbenik za samu srž međunarodne sigurnosti. Jesu li ugrožavanja poput prirodnih katastrofa, globalnog zagrijavanja, terorizma, organiziranog kriminala, korupcije, proliferacije oružja, trgovine ljudima, prodaje narkotika, narušavanja elektroničkog bankovnog poslovanja i transfera novca, krivotvorenja, prijevare i druge protuzakonite radnje postale odlučujući čimbenik u pogledu globalne (ne)sigurnosti? Suvremene nekonvencionalne i netradicionalne prijetnje značajno utječu na način vođenja suvremenog rata koji danas poprima sve više asimetrični oblik odnosno stanje (Asymmetric Warfare) u kojem nije moguće pronaći proporcionalan odgovor (jer kako definirati i provesti odmazdu ili odvraćanje u slučaju terorizma, trgovine ljudima i sl. ). Takvo novo stanje zahtijeva iznalaženje novih doktrina, ali takvih doktrina koje ne stvaraju samo eksperti ili obrambeni i sigurnosni stručnjaci u zatvorenim krugovima svojih kabineta ili administrativnih ureda, već u suradnji s javnošću kao sastavnicom javnih politika. I ne treba zaboraviti, klasične konvencionalne prijetnje nisu nestale i nalazimo se u stoljeću u kojem se međusobno nadopunjuju konvencionalni i nekonvencionalni sukobi, i zato je potrebno ojačati sigurnosne mehanizme i instrumente međunarodne zajednice. U ovom radu analizira se rat kao globalna pojava i mehanizmi za njegovo sprječavanje, kao i uloga nacionalnih država u pogledu sigurnosnih mehanizama i instrumenata međunarodne zajednice. Prezentiraju se neke odrednice novog pristupa koji se po mišljenju autora mora temeljiti na poznavanju međunarodne okoline i na javnim politikama. Na kraju članka prezentiraju se stavovi hrvatske javnost o najistaknutijim prijetnjama nacionalnoj sigurnosti, integracijama i sudjelovanju Oružanih snaga Republike Hrvatske (OSRH) u međunarodnim vojnim misijama i operacijama.Non-military security threats, which appear with increased intensity in the time of crisis, have become a threatening factor for the very core of international security. Have threats such as natural disasters, global warming, terrorism, organized crime, corruption, proliferation of arms, fundamentalism, human trafficking, drug trade, disruption in the provision of electronic banking and money transfer, forgeries, fraud and similar criminal activities, become a decisive factor for global (in)security? Contemporary unconventional and non-traditional threats have a considerable impact on the conduct of contemporary warfare, which increasingly assumes an asymmetric shape, i.e. state (Asymmetric Warfare), making it impossible to take a proportional response (how does one define and carry out retaliation or deterrence in the case of terrorism, human trafficking, etc.?). The new circumstances call for new doctrines, which are not created by professionals or defense and security experts in the closed circles of their cabinets and administrative offices, but are formed in cooperation with the public as a component of public policies. It should not be forgotten that classic, conventional threats have not disappeared and that we live in a century in which conventional and unconventional conflicts complement each other. It is therefore necessary to strengthen security mechanisms and instruments of the international community. This paper analyzes warfare as a global phenomenon and the mechanisms for its prevention, as well as the role of national states concerning security mechanisms and instruments of the international community. Some features of the new approach are presented which, in the author’s opinion, must be based on knowledge about the international environment and on public policies. The final sections of the paper present the attitudes of the Croatian public regarding the most prominent threats to national security, integration and participation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia in international military missions and operations