Persons on the side of the ship in the contract of carriage of goods by sea

U radu se analiziraju odredbe Haških i Hamburških pravila te novog Nacrta konvencije o prijevoznom pravu, koje govore o prijevozniku. Središnji problem ovoga rada je identitet osoba na strani broda u Pomorskom zakoniku \u27de lege lata\u27 i \u27de lege ferenda\u27. Raspravlja se koje se osobe pojavljuju na strani broda i odgovara na pitanje u kojoj je mjeri pozitivni hrvatski propis adekvatno normirao ovaj problem. Za razumijevanje složenih odnosa između stranaka koji nastaju sklapanjem i izvršavanjem prijevoznih ugovora neophodno je poznavati pravnu prirodu i sistematizaciju ugovora. Zbog toga se u radu to posebno razmatra, ukazujući pritom na temeljne teorijske dvojbe i shvaćanja doktrine. Govori se o obvezama ipravima stranaka na strani broda, njihovoj pravnoj osobnosti, te opisuje kako sudjeluju u rizicima i koristima koji nastaju iskorištavanjem broda u funkciji prijevoza stvari. Posebno se analiziraju rješenja i novine koje se predlažu Prijedlogom zakona o izmjenama i dopunama Pomorskog zakonika u pogledu ovog problema te se osvrće i na sudsku praksu. U noveli Pomorskog zaonika pozitivnim se ocjenjuje uvođenje pojma \u27\u27prijevoznik\u27\u27 kao osobe na strani broda u prijevoznom ugovoru. Time je ostvareno osuvremenjivanje Pomorskog zakonika i približavanje rješenjima iz međunarodnih unifikacijskih instrumenata. Naglašava se kako analitičke prioritete treba tražiti u trajnom praćenju kvalitete (znači adekvatnosti i prilagođenosti) normi i njihovog realnog dosega faktičkim oblicima koje stvara praksa.In this paper the author analyzes the provisions of the Hague and Hamburg conventions and the new Draft Instrument on Transportation Law that determines the position of the carrier. The central issue in this paper is the identification of the carrier in Croatian Maritime Code de lege lata and de lege ferenda. This paper discusses which persons can appear as a carrier, and whether Croatian law has provided adequate standards for this problem. For understanding the complex relations between the contractual parties that arise in concluding and fulfilling a contract is necessary to know the legal nature and taxonomy of the contract. This is particularly examined in our work with special reference to some theoretical dilemmas, and theoretical opinions. There is discussion of the obligations and rights of the carrier, its legal character, and a description of how it participates in the risks and benefits that arise from the use of the ship for the purpose of transportation of goods by the sea. Particularly analyzed are solutions and new regulations proposed in the Draft of the Croatian Maritime Code and current court practice is discussed. In the Croatian Maritime Code, a positive evaluation is given to the introduction of the concept \u27carrier\u27 as the party in the carriage contract. This brings the Maritime Law up to date and closer to the solutions in international unification instruments. It is stressed that priorities for analysis lie in an ongoing monitoring of the quality (the adequacy and adaptation) of the standards and their realistic ability to cover the factual forms that are created in practice