Kontribusi Faktor Intelektual dan Non-intelektual terhadap Kesuksesan Belajar Siswa di SMA

Tujuan kegiatan bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah adalah membantu mengembang kanpotensi siswa seluas-luasnya. Salah satu bentuk pengembangan potensi tersebut adalah penjurusan/peminatan. Mengingat aspek yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam penjurusan ini bervariasi dan diprediksi tidak efektif, penelitian ini mengkaji aspek-aspek mana yang memiliki pengaruh kuat terhadap kesuksesan dalam belajar. Aspek tersebutadalah inteligensi, bakat, kepribadian dan minat. Penelitian ini menghasilkan panduan bagi guru BK dalam membantu mengarahkan siswanya. Subjek penelitiannya adalah beberapa SMA di wilayah Bandung Raya. Penelitiannya menggunakan pendekatan expost facto.Teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi dokumentasi. Subjek dikategorikan kedalam kelompok unggul dan asor untuk setiap jurusan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat perbedaan kualifikasi inteligensi antara siswa unggul dan siswa asor; (2) prestasi yang dicapai dikaitkan dengan kesuksesan yang dicapai menunjukkan adanya gejala underachiever; (3) siswa unggul memiliki bakat yang lebih baik dibanding dengan siswa asor; (4) aspek bakat yang menunjang terhadap kesuksesan di jurusan IPA adalah kemampuan realitas, fleksibilitas berfikir, kemampuan abstraksi, kemampuan hitung praktis, kemampuan hitung teoretis, dan kemampuan analisis-sintesis. Aspek bakat yang memiliki daya prediksi terhadap kesuksesan di IPS adalah kemampuan realitas, kemampuan bahasa, fleksibilitas berfikir, dan kemampuan hitung praktis. Sedangkan aspek bakat yang memiliki prediksi terhadap kesuksesan bahasa adalah kemampuan abstraksi, dan kemampuan tiga dimensi; (5) tidak terdapat aspek kepribadian yang memiliki prediksi kuat terhadap kesuksesan belajar; Siswa unggul IPA memiliki kebutuhan tingggi dalam achievement, intraception, affiliation, dan endurance. Siswa unggul kelompok IPS dan Bahasa berkebutuhan tinggi dalam affiliation, dan succorance; (6) Bidang pekerjaan yang diminati oleh jurusan IPA adalah bidang scientific, dan musical, siswa kelompok IPS meminati bidang Musical dan personal contact, dan kelompok Bahasa meminati bidang musical dan literary The purpose of the guidance and counseling activities at the school is to help students develop their potentials widely. One of the potential developments is in choosing a major or a specialization. As there are various aspects that need to be considered in choosing the major, this research investigated which aspects that have strong influence on success in learning, such as intelligence, aptitud, personality and interest. This research produced a guidance for counselors to help them in directing their students. The subjects of this research were some high schools in Bandung Raya. Research methodology used ex-post facto approach, and data collection technique was the study of documentation. Subjects were classified into upper groups and lower groups for any major. The result of this study shows that (1) there was a difference qualification between high achievers and low achievers in intelligence aspect; (2) the student achievement was lower than their potential ability which showed an underachiever symptom; (3) upper group showed better aptitude than lower group; (4) Aptitude aspects that support academic success in science program were reality ability, flexibility in thinking, abstract thinking, practical mathematical thinking, theoretical mathematical and analytic-synthesis. On the other hand, aptitude aspects that influenced academic success in social program were reality thinking, language ability, flexibility thinking and practical mathematical thinking. Aptitude aspects that influenced academic success in language program are abstraction ability, and three-dimension ability; (5) there was no certain personality aspect that influence study success directly. (6) fields of work chosen by science program students were scientific and musical fields of work. Meanwhile, fields of work that were chosen by social science students were musical and personal content. Fields of work that were chosen by language program students were in the field of music and literatur