The Importance of the Peasant Agriculture for Ecological Agriculture

Prvi dio rasprave o shvaćanjima ekološke poljoprivrede i njezinim perspektivama u kontekstu suvremene ekološke krize i globalizacijskih izazova posvećen je povijesti pojma »ekološka poljoprivreda« i njegovim sinonimima - »organska«, »biološka«, »tradicionalna«, te terminu »održiva poljoprivreda«. Svaka ekološka poljoprivreda je održiva, ali svaka održiva poljoprivreda nije istodobno ekološka, nego je njezina moguća varijanta. Autor polazi od teze da rasprave o ekološkoj poljoprivredi trebaju akceptirati povijesno iskustvo seljačkog društva i njegove ekonomije. Tradicionalna seljačka poljoprivreda i ekonomija imale su implicitno ekološko obilježje, pa su ta iskustva dragocjena za organiziranje obiteljske ekološke poljoprivrede. S modernizacijom ruralnog kompleksa nestaje seljački tip poljoprivredne proizvodnje ali i tradicijske kulture. Selo i poljoprivreda prihvaćaju kulturni obrazac industrijskog društva i kulture te se zaboravilo na pravo značenje organske proizvodnje. Iako drži potrebnim širenje ekološke poljoprivrede, kako bi ona teško mogla zadovoljiti potrebe šest milijardi ljudi u svijetu, autor ističe da će se u perspektivi oblikovati tri tipa komplementarne poljoprivredne proizvodnje: ekološki, konvencionalni (s ekološkim kriterijima) i, vjerojatno, kontrolirani tip GM-proizvodnje. Raslojavanje svijeta i društava utjecat će na socijalne korisnike proizvoda. Najbogatiji će kupovati najskuplje - ekološke proizvode, a najsiromašniji one koji će im biti financijski dostupni!The first part of the discourse on ecological agriculture and its prospect in the context of contemporary ecological crisis and challenges of globalization is dedicated to the history of the term »ecological agriculture« and its synonyms - »organic«, »biological«, »traditional«, and to the term »sustainable agriculture«. Every ecological agriculture is sustainable, but not each sustainable agriculture is ecological at the same time and it is only one of its possible variants. The author\u27s starting point is the thesis that discussions on ecological agriculture should take into account historical experience of the peasant society and its economy. Since the traditional peasant agriculture and economy had implicit ecological character, their experience is valuable for the organization of the household ecological agriculture. With the modernization of rural complex the peasant type of agricultural production is vanishing and so is the traditional culture. The village and agriculture accept the cultural pattern of industrial society and industrial culture so the original meaning of organic production has been forgotten. Even though he considers it important ecological agriculture to spread, although it could hardly meet the needs of six billion people in the world, the author stresses that in the future three types of complementary agricultural production will be formed: ecological one, conventional (according to ecological criteria) and, most probably, controlled type of GM production. The world and the society stratification will have an impact on the social consumers of the products. The wealthiest will by the most expensive ecological products, and the poorest those products they can afford