Nutritional status of elderly people, living in São Paulo, and association with these variables: living arrangement, food, demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical - SABE Survey: Health, Well-being and Aging São Paulo/Brazil- 2000 and 2006

Introdução - A dinâmica do arranjo domiciliar (unipessoal ou acompanhado) e outros condicionantes podem influenciar o estado nutricional de idosos. Objetivo - Verificar a associação entre estado nutricional e variáveis referidas: arranjo domiciliar, alimentação, demográficas, socioeconômicas e clínicas, em coorte de idosos, domiciliados no município de São Paulo, em 2000 e 2006. Métodos - A população de estudo foi composta por idosos ( 60 anos), de ambos os sexos, participantes do Estudo SABE, em 2000 e 2006. As variáveis de estudo foram: estado nutricional, adequado (massa muscular, segundo área muscular do braço, percentil 25) e inadequado (massa muscular 8 anos); renda mensal per capita, em quartis; alimentação, segundo número de refeições/dia ( 8 years), monthly income per capita in quartiles, food, according to the number of meals/day (< 3 or 3), and frequency food intake, with dichotomous response (yes or no): dairy - 1 time/day, eggs or legume - 1 time/week; meat - 3 times/week, fruits, greenery or vegetables - 2 times/days, depressive symptoms, according to the Geriatric Depression Scale (absence: a score < 6, mild: 6 and < 11, and severe - 11). To investigate the association between variables, it was used test Rao & Scott, prevalence ratio (PR) and multiple logistic regression (p < 0.05) and Stata/SE 10.1 for Windows®. Results - There was a positive association, with a greatest chance for inadequate nutritional status with age group 75 years (OR = 1.53, CI = 1.19 to 1.95, p = 0.001), with severe depressive symptoms (OR = 2.07, CI = 1.13 to 3.80, p = 0.020), with the dynamic of living arrangement, accompanied-2000 and alone-2006 (OR = 1.80, CI = 0.98 to 3.31; p = 0.056) and negatively associated with less chance for the intake of dairy products (OR = 0.60, CI = 0.38 to 0.96, p = 0.034). It was identified a prevalence of inadequate nutritional status in 32 per cent of the elderly, showing change of living arrangement (accompanied-alone-2000 and 2006), as well as the age group 75, and 24 per cent of those who reported intake of dairy products, and also in 35 per cent of those with severe depressive symptoms. Conclusion - It was found a positive association of inadequate nutritional status, with age group 75, severe depressive symptoms, dynamic of living arrangement (together - alone) change, and negative, for the intake of dairy product