THE LIVNO FRAGMENT OF A GLAGOLITIC BREVIARY

U članku je opisan jedan list pergamene pronađen u Franjevačkom samostanu u Livnu gdje se i danas čuva. Skinut je s korica Habdelićeva Dikcionara iz 1670. godine. To je dio brevijara, Temporala, odnosno Knjige o Jobu, glave 30-32. Podrobna jezična raščlamba pokazala je, da je FgLiv odlomak hrvatskoglagoljskoga rukopisnoga brevijara pisanoga glagoljskim ustavnim pismom i crkvenoslavenskim jezikom hrvatske redakcije koncem 14. stoljeća u Bosni. To potvrđuju i sljedeći paleografski čimbenici: pojedina slova probijaju dvolinijski sustav, gornju liniju prelaze A, @, L, a donju B, Z, X i P, dok H prelazi i gornju i donju liniju pisanja, štapić Q se nije posve spustio na donju liniju. Način završetka vertikalnoga poteza slova B i R karakterističan je za konac 14. st. Usporedba sa svim hrvatskoglagoljskim brevijarima koji imaju isti dio teksta: BrVat5, BrMos, BrDab i BrN2 pokazala je da je FgLiv po prijevodu najbliži Dabarskomu brevijaru, odnosno da su ta dva rukopisa vjerojatno imala isti predložak. Stoga se manjkavi dio teksta uspoređuje i rekonstruira prema tom brevijaru. Premda zbog oštećenosti fragmenta nema dovoljno elemenata za pojedine tvrdnje, čini se da su ta dva teksta na nekim mjestima u prijevodu starija od onoga u BrVat5. Po jezičnim, morfološkim, obilježjima FgLiv se približava najstarijemu među uspoređenim rukopisima, BrVat5. Inovativnost u jezičnim crtama dolazi do izražaja na fonološkoj razini, posebice kod refl eksa jata. Među svim uspoređenim rukopisima FgLiv ima najviše ikavskih refl eksa jata, što ga vezuje za Bosnu gdje su osobine narodnoga jezika brže prodirale u liturgijske rukopise nego u većinu hrvatskoglagoljskih misala i brevijara. Hrvatskoglagoljski rukopisi istoga razdoblja dosljednije čuvaju jat. Na morfološkoj su razini očuvani hrvatski crkvenoslavenski oblici kod imenica, zamjenica, pridjeva i glagola, osim u onim primjerima koji se tiču fonoloških mijena u svezi s jatom. U leksiku FgLiv potvrđeno je nekoliko arhaičnih leksema iz najstarijega slavenskoga književnoga jezika: [litoras]lie, vs(e)m(o)gi, prišalcь, črevo, požidati koji svjedoče o starini predloška s kojega je bio prepisan izgubljeni brevijar.The article deals with a parchment leaf found in a Franciscan monastery in Livno, Bosnia and Herzegovina, where it is kept today. It has been taken off the binder of Habdelić’s Dikcionar from 1670. It is the Book of Job, chap ters 30-32 in the Proper of the Season in a Roman Breviary. A detailed linguistic analysis shows that this fragment of a Croatian Glagolitic Breviary (FgLiv) has been written in the Croatian Glagolitic uncial script in the Croatian Church Slavic language at the end of the 14th century in Bosnia. The folowing paleographic factors also attest the dating: some characters cross the two line system: A, @, L cross the upper line, B, Z, X and P cross the bottom line, while H crosses both the upper and bottom lines, semivowel štapić (Q) does not touch the lower line. The marking of the vertical line endings of B and R is also a characteristic of the end of the 14th century. The comparison with all Croatian Glagolitic Breviaries which have the same text: BrVat5, BrMos, BrDab and BrN2, has shown that the FgLiv translation is most similar to Dabar Breviary which means that those two manuscripts probably have the same source. Therefore the damaged part of the text is compared and reconstructed according to the Dabar Breviary. Because of the damages of the fragment there are not enough elements for certain claims, nevertheless it seems that those two texts are more archaic than BrVat5 in some instances. By its linguistic morphological features FgLiv is closer to BrVat5, the oldest of all compared manuscripts. Linguistic innovativeness is most obvious on the phonological level, especially with the realization of jat. Among all of the compared manuscripts FgLiv has the most ikavian dialect realizations, which connects it to Bosnia where the vernacular characteristics had penetrated much faster into the liturgical manuscripts than in the most Croatian Glagolitic Missals and Breviaries. The Croatian Glagolitic manuscripts of the same time are persistently keeping jat. On the linguistic morphological level there are regular Croatian Church Slavic forms of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verbs, except in the examples with the phonological changes of jat. There are some archaic lexemes in FgLiv from the Old Church Slavic literary language: [litoras]lie, vs(e)m(o)gi, prišalcь, črevo, požidati. They prove the oldness of the source from which the lost Breviary was copied