OSCILACIJA U BROJU SOMATSKIH STANICA KOD KONTROLIRANIH KRAVA U SLOVENIJI U RAZDOBLJU 1997-2007

Oscillation of somatic cell count (SCC) in milk of recorded cows was studied in Slovenia for the period 1997 to 2007. Measurements of 5,267,264 test days were taken predominantly of Simmental (42.4 %), followed by Black and White (37.7 %) and Brown breed (19.9 %). The analysis showed substantial seasonal differences in milk yield and in milk composition. Breeders are faced with problems of low milk quality and frequent mastitis in summer months. It has been concluded that the average SCC was the highest in Black and White cows (404x103/ml milk) and the lowest in Simmental cows (288x103/ml milk). Since 1996 SCC has been considered one of the criteria for milk price determination, therefore it has been reduced and health status of udder improved in recent years. Both are the result of better herd management and wider knowledge that breeders achieved. The average SCC dropped from 431 thousand in 1996 to 331 thousand cells/ml milk in 2007. Lower SCC was noticed also on family farms compared to the former large scale farming enterprises. Monthly recording analysis proved that 10.1 % cows had more than 400 thousand SCC/ml milk, and 84.9% cows up to 250 thousand SCC/ml milk at recording. During the trial period milk yield/milking day increased and fat, as well as protein content improved.Oscilacija u broju somatskih stanica (SCC) kod kontroliranih krava proučavana je u Sloveniji u razdoblju od 1997. do 2007. godine. Tijekom 5.267.264 test dana mjerenja su obavljana pretežno za simentalsku (42,4%), zatim za crno-bijelu (37,7%) i smeđu pasminu (19,9%). Analiza je pokazala znatne sezonske razlike u mliječnosti i sastavu mlijeka. Uzgajivači se suočavaju s problemom loše kakvoće mlijeka i čestom pojavom mastitisa u ljetnim mjesecima. Utvrđeno je da je prosječan SCC najviši kod crno-bijelih krava (404x103/ml mlijeka), a najmanji kod simentalskih krava (288x103/ml mlijeka). Počev od 1996. godine, broj somatskih stanica smatra se jednim od kriterija za utvrđivanje cijene mlijeka. Zahvaljujući boljem upravljanju stadom i proširivanju znanja uzgajivača, SCC je zadnjih godina smanjen, a stanje zdravlja vimena je poboljšano. Prosječan SCC smanjio se od 431.000 stanica/ml mlijeka u 1996. godini na 331.000 stanica/ml mlijeka u 2007. godini. Primjećeno je, također, da je SCC niži na obiteljskim farmama nego na bivšim velikim gospodarstvima. Analiza mjesečne kontrole pokazala je da je 10,1% krava imalo više od 400.000 SCC/ml mlijeka, a 84,9% krava do 250.000 SCC/ml mlijeka u vrijeme kontrole. Tijekom probnog razdoblja mliječnost po mliječnom danu se povećala, a mliječna mast i sadržaj proteina su se poboljšali