International audienceFor twenty years, geological heritage has been undergoing profound theoretical and practical changes. From a minor area of geosciences and conservation, it has evolved into an internationally recognized concern (UNESCO). New participants are now involved (practitioners, social scientists, etc.) which is leading to rapid changes in discipline and new practices. This article aims to describe the paradigm shift that took place in the 2000s, from a conservation philosophy of a natural heritage during the 20th Century to a more economic and complex approach to a geoheritage considered as a territorial development resource. This paradigm shift and the intensification of geotourism practices tend to generate increasing tensio...