MARULIĆ\u27S CLAUDIAN

Auktor ovoga rada utvrdio je početkom 2005. godine da prijepis jedne pjesme Klaudija Klaudijana (Claudius Claudianus, oko 370/75 – oko 404) na posljednjim stranicama glasovitoga trogirskog kodeksa (Codex Parisiensis lat. 7989 olim Traguriensis) potječe od Marulićeve ruke. To otkriće ponukalo ga je da temeljito istraži čitav kodeks, što je dovelo do zaključaka koji imaju znatne implikacije ne samo za marulićevsku filologiju, nego i za povijest toga znamenitog rukopisa uopće. Te će se novosti izložiti na drugom mjestu. Tema je ovog rada Marulićev prijepis Klaudijanove pjesme Feniks (Phoenix, Carm. min. 27), a u njemu se pokušava odgovoriti na tri pitanja. Iz kojeg predloška je Marulić prepisao tekst? Kada je prijepis nastao? Čime je bio motiviran? (Drugačije rečeno: zašto je Maruliću Klaudijan važan; zašto je prepisao baš tu pjesmu?) U nedostatku drugih podataka, odgovor na prvo pitanje temelji se na tekstološkoj i paleografskoj analizi prijepisa. Pomoću njih dolazi se do zaključka da je Marulićev predložak bio rukopis, a ne tiskano izdanje. Na temelju usporedbe duktusa u prijepisu Feniksa s drugim Marulićevim autografima, od kojih se neki mogu barem približno datirati, ustanovljuje se da prijepis Feniksa vjerojatno potječe iz osamdesetih godina 15. st. Čvršća uporišta moguće je naći za odgovor na treće pitanje. Marulić je Klaudijanu posvetio dvije stranice svoje epigrafičke rasprave In epigrammata priscorum commentarius. Prepisavši natpis (CIL VI 1710 = Dessau 2949) što ga je rimski Senat postavio u čast Klaudijanu još za njegova života, Marulić je u svojem popratnom komentaru izrekao kratku ali nedvosmislenu pohvalu rimskom pjesniku: on je dostojan usporedbe s prethodnicima, a nadmašuje potonje pjesnike. Nije moguće utvrditi je li Marulić Klaudijana smatrao kršćaninom ili poganinom. No zato je pripovijest o bajoslovnoj ptici feniksu, koja uskrisuje iz vlastitoga pepela, za kršćane oduvijek nosila simbolično značenje Kristova uskrsnuća. Takvo značenje Maruliću zasigurno nije bilo nepoznato. Kršćanska simboličnost teme kao i visoko mišljenje o Klaudijanu kao pjesniku bili su dostatnim razlogom da splitski humanist prepiše Feniksa na prazne stranice svojega dragocjenog kodeksa. U prilogu se donosi prvo izdanje Marulićeva prijepisa Klaudijanove pjesme.At the beginning of 2005 the author of this article established that a copy of a poem by Claudius Claudianus (circa 370/75-circa 404) on the last pages of the famous Trogir codex (Codex Parisiensis lat. 7989 olim Traguriensis) was written by the Croatian writer Marko Marulić. This discovery prompted him to thoroughly investigate the entire codex after which he reached conclusions which have significant implications not only for thephilological studies of Marulić but also for the history of this famous manuscript in general. These discoveries will be described elsewhere. The theme of this paper is Marulić’s copy of Claudian’s poem Phoenix (Carm.min.27) and it will attempt to give answers to three questions. What original did Marulić use to make his copy? When was it made? What motivated it? (In other words: why was Claudian important to Marulić; why did he copy precisely this poem?) In the absence of other data, the answer to the first question is based on a textual and paleographic analysis of the transcript. On the basis of this it is concluded that Marulić’s original was a manuscript and not a published edition. On the basis of a comparison of the handwriting in the copy of Phoenix with Marulić’s other autographs, some of which can be at least approximately dated, it can be established that the copy of the Phoenix probably derives from the 80ies of the 15th century. Firmer evidence can be found for the answer to the third question. Marulić devoted to Claudius two pages of his epigraphic treatise In epigrammata priscorum commentarius. Copying the inscription (CIL VI 1710=Dessau 2949) which the Roman Senate placed to honor Claudius while he was still alive, Marulić in his accompanying commentary expressed a short but clear praise of the Roman poet: he is worthy of being compared with his predecessors and he superceded those that followed. It is impossible to establish whether Marulić considered Claudian a Christian or a pagan. However, the story of the fabulous bird phoenix which arises out of its own ashes for the Christians always has had the symbolic meaning of the resurrection of Christ. Marulić must have known this meaning. The Christian symbolic meaning of the theme as well as the high esteem in which he held Claudian as a poet were sufficient reasons why the humanist from Split copied Phoenix on the empty pages of his precious codex. As an appendix the author publishes the first edition of Marulić’s copy of Claudian’s poem