PROGRESS IN VEHICULAR IC ENGINES AND FUELS QUALITY

Sažetak Međusobna ovisnost razvoja motora s unutarnjim izgaranjem i kvalitetom goriva/maziva postojala je sve od rođenja prvog motora. Upravo je prvi motor bio izumljen i konstruiran za korištenje samo određene vrste goriva. To je zahtijevalo neprekidnu i tijesnu suradnju između inženjera, istraživača i drugih eksperata iz obje grane industrije. U članku je dat prvo kratak pregled razvoja motora s unutarnjim izgaranjem (MUIZ) u toku prošlog stoljeća i navedeni su zahtjevi za performance motora u bližoj budućnosti. Dalje su analizirana i prodiskutirana neka najvažnija fizička i kemijska svojstva goriva koja određuju kvalitetu goriva za motore: oktanski i cetanski broj, kemijski sastav, prisutnost elementarnog S, N, P i kemijski vezanog N u gorivu, prvenstveno s gledišta njihovog utjecaja na efektivne parametre, radne performance motora i emisiju polutanata.Abstract The interdependence between IC engine development and fuel/lubricant quality has existed, ever since the first engine was born. In fact the first engine was invented and designed for using explicitly only a definite type of fuel. This has required a continuous and strong cooperation between engineers, researchers and other experts of both branches of industries. In this paper a short review of IC engine development during the last century is presented first, and the requirements on IC engine performance in the near future are listed. In continuation only a few of most important physical and chemical properties determining the quality of vehicular engine fuels have been analyzed and discussed: octane and cetane number, fuel chemical composition, fuel S, N, P and N, mainly from the stand point of their influence on IC engine effective parameters, operating engine performance and pollutant emissions