Defence System and Ecology - The North Atlantic Treaty Organization Role

Sustavno istraživanje izravnih i neizravnih utjecaja ljudskih djelatnosti na okoliš započelo je razvojem ekologije. Imajući u vidu štetne posljedice ljudskog djelovanja, suvremeni koncepti nacionalne sigurnosti prošireni su tako da uključuju prijetnje okolišu. Zbog negativnog utjecaja na okoliš, oružani sustavi postali su predmetom pozornog praćenja i nadgledanja. To je rezultiralo regulacijom utjecaja oružanih sustava na okoliš putem međunarodnih konvencija i ugovora. Usprkos tomu, utjecaj oružanih sustava na okoliš - koji predstavlja svojevrstan laboratorij za uvježbavanje, a ujedno i ultimativni cilj djelovanja oružanih snaga - nije dovljno istraživan. Inicijalne studije i istraživanja provodili su isključivo vojni eksperti, no danas su u istraživanja utjecaja oružanih sustava na okoliš uključene međunarodne institucije, nevladine organizacije i nezavisni znanstvenici i stručnjaci. Natov Odbor za izazove modernoga društva (CCMS) preuzeo je vodeću ulogu na ovom području. Proveo je pilot-istraživanjia s ciljevim smanjenja buke koju proizvode zrakoplovi, oporavka prirodnog okoliša od pretrpljenih šteta, čišćenja vojnih baza ltd. Razvoj ovoga područja ukazuje na to daje uspostavljena nova ekološka disciplina - vojna ekologija.A systematic research of direct and indirect influences of mankind on the environment started with the ecology. Accordingly, with the human\u27s negative influence on the environment, the modern concepts of national security were broadened to include environmental threats. The military system was also put under this scrutiny because of its negative impacts on the environment. The result may be seen in the regulation of its activities and influences on the environment by international conventions and international agreements. However, the impact of the defence system on the environment, as a laboratory for training the armed forces and as the ultimate goal of the armed forces\u27 activities, has not been studied sufficiently. Initial studies and research have been conducted by military experts only, but besides military experts international organizations, non-governmental organizations and academics are nowadays also involved in the studies of the consequences of defence system activities on the environment. NATO\u27s Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) is taking a leading role in this area of research with its pilot studies on reducing aircraft noise, environmental restoration and clean-up of military bases etc. Development in this field indicates that of a new discipline of ecology e.g. the military ecology is being established